Edith Wharton（伊迪絲．華頓）

Edith Wharton was born Edith Newbold Jones in January 1862, into a wealthy New York family. Her family traveled a lot in Europe, and Edith spent six years of her childhood living in Italy, France and Germany.

She studied French and German, and when her family returned to New York in 1872, she was tutored at home. Edith was fortunate to have access to her father’s library. She read and studied a lot, and her first collection of poems was printed privately in 1876.

At age 17, she was presented to society, which meant that she could go to parties and dances in Newport and New York. She criticized the rituals of this world in her novels. In 1885 she married Edward (Teddy) Wharton, who shared her love of travel.

She developed a passion for design and gardening, and designed The Mount, the house where she lived for ten years. She continued to travel in Europe with her husband or friends, including the author Henry James. Edith also had a long love affair with the journalist Morton Fullerton. She sold The Mount in 1912, then divorced her husband and moved to Paris.

When World War I broke out, she helped the war effort by establishing workplaces for women, hostels for refugees, and new hospitals. She also published articles about the war and received the French Legion of Honor for her work. After the war she lived and wrote in a village in the south of France. She won the Pulitzer Prize for The Age of Innocence in 1921, which made her the first woman to win the award. She died on 11 August 1937, and she was buried in Versailles, next to her long-time friend Walter Berry.

伊迪絲．華頓（Edith Wharton, 1862–1937）出生於紐約富裕家庭，家人常在歐洲旅行，她有六年的童年時光年在義大利、法國和德國度過。

她學過法文和德文，家人於1872年返回紐約後，她便在家接受家庭教師指導。伊迪絲很幸運能使用父親的圖書館，大量閱讀與學習，她的第一本詩集在1876年私下印行。

十七歲時，她初入社交圈，意謂她可以參加在紐波特和紐約的派對和舞會。她在小說中批評這個圈子的習俗和儀式。1885年，她與同樣熱愛旅行的愛德華．華頓（Edward Wharton）結婚。

之後伊迪斯逐漸展現對設計與園藝的熱愛，設計了後來住了十年的房子「山峰」（The Mount）。她也繼續和丈夫或包括作家亨利．詹姆斯（Henry James）在內等友人在歐洲旅遊。同時伊迪斯也和記者莫頓．傅勒頓（Morton Fullerton）長期有染。她在1912年賣掉「山峰」，並於次年離婚，爾後搬到巴黎。

第一次世界大戰爆發後，她奔波於建立女性的工作場所、難民旅舍和新醫院，為社會貢獻心力，獲頒法國榮譽軍團勳章。

戰後，她居住在法國南部的村莊，專事寫作。1921年，她以《純真年代》（The Age of Innocence）獲得普立茲獎，成為第一位得到這個獎項的女性。

Nora Nagy

蔡裴驊

台大外文系畢，教過英文、當過導遊、開過有機咖啡館，三進三出媒體圈。其實最愛的是翻譯、貓咪、有意思的電影和音樂。